Metric Results

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

The following document contains the results of a JDepend metric analysis. The various metrics are defined at the bottom of this document.

Summary

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

Package TC CC AC Ca Ce A I D V
org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api 2 1 1 0 7 50.0% 100.0% 50.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121 19 14 5 0 12 26.0% 100.0% 26.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330 21 14 7 2 9 33.0% 82.0% 15.000001% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries 9 7 2 1 6 22.0% 86.0% 8.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries 5 4 1 0 5 20.0% 100.0% 20.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map 5 4 1 0 8 20.0% 100.0% 20.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries 5 4 1 1 5 20.0% 83.0% 3.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409 7 5 2 0 6 29.0% 100.0% 29.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop 10 8 2 0 8 20.0% 100.0% 20.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops 5 4 1 0 5 20.0% 100.0% 20.0% 1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops 5 4 1 0 8 20.0% 100.0% 20.0% 1

Packages

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 7 50.0% 100.0% 50.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api.IFibManager
org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api.RouteOrigin
None com.google.common.util.concurrent
java.lang
java.math
java.util
org.opendaylight.controller.md.sal.binding.api
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 12 26.0% 100.0% 26.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CleanupDpnForVpnInput
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CreateFibEntryInput
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.FibRpcService
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.PopulateFibOnDpnInput
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.RemoveFibEntryInput
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.$YangModelBindingProvider
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.$YangModuleInfoImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CleanupDpnForVpnInputBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CleanupDpnForVpnInputBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CleanupDpnForVpnInputBuilder$CleanupDpnForVpnInputImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CreateFibEntryInputBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CreateFibEntryInputBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.CreateFibEntryInputBuilder$CreateFibEntryInputImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.PopulateFibOnDpnInputBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.PopulateFibOnDpnInputBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.PopulateFibOnDpnInputBuilder$PopulateFibOnDpnInputImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.RemoveFibEntryInputBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.RemoveFibEntryInputBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fib.rpc.rev160121.RemoveFibEntryInputBuilder$RemoveFibEntryInputImpl
None com.google.common.collect
java.io
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.math
java.util
java.util.concurrent
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.ietf.params.xml.ns.yang.ietf.inet.types.rev130715
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.flow.types.rev131026
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 9 33.0% 82.0% 15.000001%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.FibEntries
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.Ipv4Entries
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.LabelRouteMap
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.OdlFibData
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.RouterInterface
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.SubnetRoute
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.VrfEntries
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.$YangModelBindingProvider
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.$YangModuleInfoImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.FibEntriesBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.FibEntriesBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.FibEntriesBuilder$FibEntriesImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.LabelRouteMapBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.LabelRouteMapBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.LabelRouteMapBuilder$LabelRouteMapImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.RouterInterfaceBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.RouterInterfaceBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.RouterInterfaceBuilder$RouterInterfaceImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.SubnetRouteBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.SubnetRouteBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.SubnetRouteBuilder$SubnetRouteImpl
org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries
com.google.common.collect
java.io
java.lang
java.util
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.yang.extension.yang.ext.rev130709
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 6 22.0% 86.0% 8.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.Ipv4Table
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.VrfTables
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.Ipv4TableBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.Ipv4TableBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.Ipv4TableBuilder$Ipv4TableImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.VrfTablesBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.VrfTablesBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.VrfTablesBuilder$VrfTablesImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries.VrfTablesKey
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
java.lang
java.util
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 5 20.0% 100.0% 20.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries.Ipv4Entry
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries.Ipv4EntryBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries.Ipv4EntryBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries.Ipv4EntryBuilder$Ipv4EntryImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.ipv4entries.Ipv4EntryKey
None java.lang
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 8 20.0% 100.0% 20.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map.LabelRouteInfo
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map.LabelRouteInfoBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map.LabelRouteInfoBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map.LabelRouteInfoBuilder$LabelRouteInfoImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.label.route.map.LabelRouteInfoKey
None com.google.common.collect
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.math
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 5 20.0% 83.0% 3.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries.VrfEntry
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries.VrfEntryBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries.VrfEntryBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries.VrfEntryBuilder$VrfEntryImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.vrfentries.VrfEntryKey
org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api
java.lang
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 6 29.0% 100.0% 29.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.L3nexthop
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.L3nexthopData
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.$YangModelBindingProvider
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.$YangModuleInfoImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.L3nexthopBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.L3nexthopBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.L3nexthopBuilder$L3nexthopImpl
None java.io
java.lang
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 8 20.0% 100.0% 20.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.TunnelNexthops
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.VpnNexthops
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.TunnelNexthopsBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.TunnelNexthopsBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.TunnelNexthopsBuilder$TunnelNexthopsImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.TunnelNexthopsKey
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.VpnNexthopsBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.VpnNexthopsBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.VpnNexthopsBuilder$VpnNexthopsImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.VpnNexthopsKey
None com.google.common.collect
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.math
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 5 20.0% 100.0% 20.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops.TunnelNexthop
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops.TunnelNexthopBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops.TunnelNexthopBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops.TunnelNexthopBuilder$TunnelNexthopImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.tunnelnexthops.TunnelNexthopKey
None java.lang
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 8 20.0% 100.0% 20.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops.VpnNexthop
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops.VpnNexthopBuilder
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops.VpnNexthopBuilder$1
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops.VpnNexthopBuilder$VpnNexthopImpl
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.l3nexthop.rev150409.l3nexthop.vpnnexthops.VpnNexthopKey
None com.google.common.collect
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.math
java.util
org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.binding
org.opendaylight.yangtools.yang.common

Cycles

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

Package Package Dependencies
org.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.api org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330 org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330
org.opendaylight.yang.gen.v1.urn.opendaylight.netvirt.fibmanager.rev150330.fibentries

Explanation

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

The following explanations are for quick reference and are lifted directly from the original JDepend documentation.

Term Description
Number of Classes The number of concrete and abstract classes (and interfaces) in the package is an indicator of the extensibility of the package.
Afferent Couplings The number of other packages that depend upon classes within the package is an indicator of the package's responsibility.
Efferent Couplings The number of other packages that the classes in the package depend upon is an indicator of the package's independence.
Abstractness The ratio of the number of abstract classes (and interfaces) in the analyzed package to the total number of classes in the analyzed package. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with A=0 indicating a completely concrete package and A=1 indicating a completely abstract package.
Instability The ratio of efferent coupling (Ce) to total coupling (Ce / (Ce + Ca)). This metric is an indicator of the package's resilience to change. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with I=0 indicating a completely stable package and I=1 indicating a completely instable package.
Distance The perpendicular distance of a package from the idealized line A + I = 1. This metric is an indicator of the package's balance between abstractness and stability. A package squarely on the main sequence is optimally balanced with respect to its abstractness and stability. Ideal packages are either completely abstract and stable (x=0, y=1) or completely concrete and instable (x=1, y=0). The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with D=0 indicating a package that is coincident with the main sequence and D=1 indicating a package that is as far from the main sequence as possible.
Cycles Packages participating in a package dependency cycle are in a deadly embrace with respect to reusability and their release cycle. Package dependency cycles can be easily identified by reviewing the textual reports of dependency cycles. Once these dependency cycles have been identified with JDepend, they can be broken by employing various object-oriented techniques.